Control and analysis of material flows in logistic systems
Abstract
Control and analysis of material flows in logistic systems
Incoming article date: 17.03.2018The shift to the separately integrated logistic system depends on the necessity for managing material flows in the systems. The idea of ABC analysis is to single out the most important object with regard to the purpose from the set of whole homogeneous objects.The ABC method envisages deeper division into three parts, as well as the overall statistical distribution. The first major step of ABC analysis is to define the goal. The same sets of the objects of management will be divided into the subsets A, B and C. Management of high-performance warehouses envisages and devotes much time to the problems of superfluous movements in the warehouse. The goal is to save time and energy, i.e. resources that always are in deficit. It is possible to avoid over-expenditure of turnover resource, if we place this assortment in the so-called "hot zones", i.e. in the zones that are located in places convenient for delivery of goods. The second stage of ABC analysis is identification of the analytical management objects. Although, other objects also can be selected for solving these tasks. For example: the stock in warehouse can be reduced if we pay particular attention to those suppliers accounting for the main part of the warehouse stock. In this case, the objects of management will be the suppliers. This is the sign, which can be used for the classification of suppliers (3rd stage of the algorithm - the share of goods obtained from the given supplier in the warehouse). Once, the classification sign is identified, each supplier is assessed according to the identified sign (stage 4). Then, we organize the grouping of objects, depending on the reduction of the identified signs (stage 5). The upper part of the ordered list will play a major role in terms of the goal set. The solution method is described in the following manner. The first is the method of determining the boundaries by the ABC curve. The described method can be used to divide the nomenclature.Analysis of ABC allows us for differentiating the assortment according to the contribution to the targeted result. The principle of differentiation of assortment is different during XYZ analysis. In this case, the entire assortment (resources) are divided into three groups, according to the equidimensional demand and prediction accuracy. The X group includes goods the demands for which is equidimensional or subject to minor deviations. The volume of realization of goods in the given group will be well calculated. The Y group includes goods, which are consumed in changing volume. Particularly, the item of seasonal demand can be included in this group. Forecasting the need for Y group products is medium. The variation coefficient is the most applicable indicator among the relative indices. The Z group includes goods, the demands for which arise only episodically. It is impossible to predict the volume of sales of Z group goods. The sign, on the basis of which the X, Y and Z groups pertain to the increte positions in the assortment, is the variation coefficient. Between the variation relative indicator the variation coefficient represents the most commonly used relative variation indicator. The variation coefficient is the most applicable indicator among the relative indices.The variation coefficient varies from zero to infinity.
Keywords: Logistic, material flow, stock, method, analysis, stillage, risk, warehouse, goods, nomenclature, management