Judicial construction and technical expertise is used to resolve disputes between customers and project executors and is carried out on the direct order of legal entities or individuals, including in connection with the need to provide expert information to the court. In the course of construction and technical research, various kinds of tasks arise before the expert, the solution of which allows us to formulate answers to the questions posed in the framework of the study.

Keywords: forensic construction and technical expertise, expert opinion, tasks of the expertise, questions of the expertise, expert-builder, inspection of the object.

Currently, artificial intelligence is gaining more and more development in various sectors of the national economy. However, he is not able to function without the control of a person and helps him in solving a narrow range of tasks. In the article, based on the analysis of leaders in the implementation of AI, the prospects for its development are considered. The role of company management in projects for the implementation of AI tools and methods is emphasized. The possibilities of introducing AI methods in the construction industry are considered. It is proposed at the initial stage to apply machine data processing to solve logistics problems. The main stages of the implementation of AI elements for construction organizations are proposed.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, construction, supply, material resources

This article discusses the possibilities of BIM technologies for predicting, responding to and eliminating the consequences of natural and man-made emergencies. BIM systems make it possible to simulate various scenarios in the event of an emergency and choose the most effective and safe solutions to minimize human and material losses, and improve the level of managerial decision-making during evacuation. Modern technical means used in conjunction with BIM technologies make it possible to acquire knowledge and practical skills as part of the training of rescuers and other specialized services.

Keywords: BIM technologies, BIM model, emergency, flood, fire, 3D laser scanning, restoration work

Today, the Russian Federation is among the three leaders in oil production among all countries of the world. This mineral makes up the bulk of our country's exports. The main part of the reserves of "black gold" in our country is concentrated in regions with special climatic and geological conditions (areas of permafrost and seismic activity). This article discusses measures to protect structures from seismic impacts.

Keywords: earthquakes, construction, seismic activity, oil, seismic protection, petroleum products, structures, mining, vertical steel tank

The design of new buildings and structures is currently a complex and multifunctional process divided into several main stages. A large number of design organizations engaged in the development of large investment and construction projects are constantly improving their activities in order to optimize production costs and increase the efficiency of design solutions. The development of new approaches that are beginning to be applied in design is very slow, which is explained by several reasons. These include a narrow range of software, the lack of a methodology that combines digital technologies and the principles of "lean" construction, which provides savings in consumed materials and resources, as well as shortening the design and construction of the facility. In this regard, consideration of issues related to the development of a new concept combining the principles of digital design and "lean" construction is currently very relevant.

Keywords: lean construction, digitalization, project, building, design

Currently, the processes of designing buildings and structures are becoming more costly, as they require the involvement of more specialists, material and technical resources and a reduction in the calendar time of work. At the same time, the customer of the project requires optimization of design solutions in order to preserve the quality of the work carried out. In this regard, there is a need to develop a special design methodology, based on which it is recommended to use the principles of "lean construction", which can reduce the Customer's losses during project development.

Keywords: project, building, construction and installation works, losses, work schedule

The overlapping time of the layers during the layer-by-layer laying of the concrete mixture during the construction of massive monolithic reinforced concrete structures is an important technological parameter of concreting, linking the rate of concreting, the thickness of the laid layers and the design parameters. For traditional concrete mixtures compacted by vibration, this parameter is determined by the persistence of the concrete mixture, taking into account its temperature. When using self-compacting concrete mixtures, the time of overlapping layers, in addition to traditional factors, significantly depends on the period of formation of the "elephant skin". The influence of the overlapping time of the layers on the strength of their adhesion, depending on the properties of the concrete mixture and the method of its laying, was studied. The ultimate tensile strength in bending was used as a criterion for adhesion strength. It has been confirmed that when using a traditional concrete mix compacted by vibration without superplasticizing additives based on polycarboxylate esters, the overlapping time of the layers of 2 hours provides a seam of equal strength with the main body. For self-compacting concrete mixes using vibration when laying subsequent layers after the first, the overlapping time corresponds to the storage index and increases to 6 hours, and when layered without vibration, the adhesion strength decreases by about 20%, 70% and more than 90% with an overlapping time of 2.4 and 6 hours, respectively.

Keywords: self-compacting concrete mixes, massive reinforced concrete structures, overcoating time, "elephant skin"

Carrying out work on the inspection of buildings and structures is a set of measures aimed at identifying the actual condition of the object. Since the work on the inspection of buildings includes the work of various specialists, various problems arise related to the incorrect organization of the work. This article is devoted to the identification of the main elements of deadlines, with a reserve for the further development of a tool to reduce the impact on the timing of work.

Keywords: inspection of buildings, interaction of specialists, organization of work, non-destructive methods for determining the strength of concrete, project management

The variety of options for construction of inverted roofs with exploited roof coverings necessitates an analysis of structural and technological solutions at the stage of variant design of exploited roofs. At present, there is no comprehensive assessment and analysis according to a system of criteria that sufficiently fully characterizes the design of the roof on a structural and technological basis. The study evaluates three basic grouped and systematized options for inverted roof construction (with supports, without supports and rooftop parking) by a system of criteria for an exact evaluation of the efficiency of a roof in construction projects using expert analysis. The proposed system of evaluation criteria makes it possible to determine the optimal solutions for inverted roofing in a practice of building construction in case of variant design.

Keywords: inverted roof, exploited roof, exploited coating, variant design, system of criteria, systematization, structural and technological solution, evaluation of options, expert analysis, mathematical modeling, optimality, efficiency

The article is devoted to the assessment of the organizational and technological documentation of construction, the possible four groups of indicators that are necessary to obtain a qualitative assessment developed by the CTD are considered. A possible technique for determining the quality of CTD is given. A method of expert assessments is proposed to obtain the weight characteristics of the identified indicator. The description of the term "system" as a fundamental element of construction is given.

Keywords: design, quality indicator, system, systematic approach, groups, organizational and technological solutions, indicators, organizational and technological documentation

The procedure for carrying out a set of works to preserve the object of cultural heritage of regional significance "The mass grave of Soviet soldiers who died of wounds" is given. All stages of carrying out such types of work are considered, recommendations are given for solving issues that arise in the process of carrying out work.

Keywords: repair, object of cultural significance, work technology, inspection, building structures, mass grave

A huge part of the territory of Russia is located in the permafrost zone. Ensuring the reliability of pipeline systems transporting hydrocarbons in these conditions requires an integrated approach that takes into account the structure of the soil, the peculiarities of construction methods, the temperature characteristics of the soil and the transported products. Evaluation of the interaction of the pipeline with frozen ground is an important factor in the design. And the justification of the choice of an engineering solution for the construction of pipeline systems, ensuring their stable position, is one of the tasks of our research. The gas pipeline at the Kamennomysskoye-Sea field is considered as an object of research. A brief description of the features of the construction area is given. A strength calculation was performed, on the basis of which the design parameters of the pipeline were adopted. A comparative analysis of the ways of laying the pipeline was carried out, which made it possible to identify the most satisfying conditions of reliability and economic efficiency.

Keywords: hydrocarbons, pipeline, permafrost soil, subterranean laying, elevated laying, strength calculation, sustainability calculation

The article presents a comparative analysis of some technologies for the construction of industrial floors for buildings and premises for various purposes. Their main characteristics are determined, the advantages and disadvantages of using the studied technologies are highlighted.

Keywords: industrial floors, polymer floors, topping floor coverings, self-leveling floors, polymer impregnations for concrete

The used mechanisms of management of the construction complex do not provide the desired result in the field of technical equipment of construction. Management of this line of activity is carried out without effective analysis and further planning. Therefore, the creation of integrated organizational structures, with specific tasks facing them, can provide, in the opinion of the authors, a solution to the existing problems identified in the article. It is proposed to create organizational structures of ""Centers of technical equipment of construction"" of two types, the main purpose of which is to increase the level of security of construction with the necessary machines and mechanisms. The used mechanisms of management of the construction complex do not provide the desired result in the field of technical equipment of construction. Management of this line of activity is carried out without effective analysis and further planning. Therefore, the creation of integrated organizational structures, with specific tasks facing them, can provide, in the opinion of the authors, a solution to the existing problems identified in the article. It is proposed to create organizational structures of ""Centers of technical equipment of construction"" of two types, the main purpose of which is to increase the level of security of construction with the necessary machines and mechanisms.

Keywords: centers of technical equipment of construction, machines and mechanisms, a fleet of construction equipment.

The measures aimed at material and technical support are given, as a result of which high performance in housing construction can be achieved. The performance criterion of material and technical support during the construction and installation works is proposed in the form of a reduction in the duration of a project construction, which results in a reduction in the cost of work and resource savings. As an example, the procedure for calculating economic performance by the material and technical support factor during the construction of a large-panel two-section apartment building of variable number of storeys is shown. The calculation measures are based on reducing the necessary stocks of structures at the construction site, as well as reducing the costs associated with their acquisition and storage. It is shown that as a result of the proposed measures in the material and technical support of construction, based only on the main structural components, it is possible to obtain a noticeable economic effect due to a reduction in the dura-tion of construction and in additional costs in the conditions of the construction site.

Keywords: construction, construction and assembly work, large-panel buildings, logistical support, material resource inventory

The article discusses the various stages of the study of quarry sand as a component of the cement-sand mixture. Two large-scale stages are designated: drying and sieving. The drying stage for different layers (upper, middle, lower) of quarry sand is given. The results of moisture content of sand weighing from 100 to 5000 g for different layers are given. The screening stage for various layers of quarry sand is given. The granulometric (grain) composition of various layers of quarry sand was determined experimentally according to the normative methodology. The results of partial and total residuals for each layer of sand are given. Size moduli are calculated for different layers of sand. The equipment used for drying and screening quarry sand is illustrated. The experimentally theoretical necessity of the preliminary stages of preparation (drying and sifting) of quarry sand before using it as an integral part of the cement-sand mixture for the production of bricks has been confirmed experimentally.

Keywords: quarry sand, drying, drying, sifting, screening, cement-sand mixture, humidity, granulometric composition, particle size modulus

The article discusses the various proportions of the components of the cement-sand mixture for the production of bricks for the construction of private houses. Particular attention is paid to the values ​​of the draft of the cone, as one of the indicators of the mixture. Tables are given with a description of the different composition of the mixture for each component. The results of an experiment to study the effect of different ratios of components are presented. The equipment for manual and automatic molding and creation of finished products from the resulting mixture is illustrated. A conclusion is given on the possibility of using a specific mixture in the production of bricks.

Keywords: brick, cement, sand, water, cement-sand mixture, cement mortar, water-cement ratio, composition selection, construction, production

The article is the result of an analytical study of the development of structures of medium and small businesses in the engineering implementation of the stages of survey, preparation in the production of building materials, semi-finished products, sections of projects, as well as participants in the commissioning of facilities for 2012-2022. During this period, the number of small and medium enterprises in the territory of the Russian Federation increased by 224 thousand units. In the Central Federal District (which includes the Tula Region), the increase was 31.8%. At the same time, their growth in construction amounted to 6.39%. However, the trend has changed from 2019 to 2022. the number of entrepreneurs significantly decreased by 457 thousand. In this regard, the authors in their studies solved the problem of analyzing the state, dynamics of changes in the number and content of the activities of structures of medium and small businesses in construction; developing proposals to improve development efficiency. The main attention is paid to specialization, the reasons for curbing the growth of business services and the economic results of their work.

Keywords: business planning, specialization, planning, project management, building complex

A modernized approach to project management using calendar and network planning is proposed, in particular, the issue of managing schedules in conditions of uncertainty is touched upon. The proposed approach allows us to take into account the factors influencing the timing of the project and, based on their consideration, take appropriate measures to ensure that we do not deviate from the specified construction deadlines. The proposed approach is based on the methods of Eisenhower matrices, which allow taking into account the degree of influence (vertically) and importance (horizontally) of each of the criteria, and the methods of subject-oriented management, which allow to exclude subjectivism in conditions of uncertainty by excluding manipulations of the external environment, and also include procedures for ranking and selecting factors influencing expert decision-making.

Keywords: project management, construction period, calendar and network schedule, risk, uncertainty conditions, subject-oriented management, project, group of factors, approach, solution

The problem of synthesizing the parameters of the drive control system of the responsible unit of the construction 3D printer - the screw dispenser of the print head using the method of neuro-fuzzy control is considered. An algorithm for building an intelligent drive control system is described. A training sample is obtained from the data of variables determined as a result of modeling the automatic system control with a continuous proportional-integral-differentiating (PID) regulator. Training of a neuro-fuzzy output system in the MATLAB software environment is performed using the hybrid method a. Transient characteristics of the control system with continuous and neuro-fuzzy proportional-differentiating (PD) regulator are obtained. Direct indicators of the quality of the considered control systems are determined, and an analysis of these results is carried out. The use of neuro-fuzzy control of the screw doser drive of the 3D printer print head made it possible to obtain the desired a transient process confirmed as a result of a computational experiment.

Keywords: 3D printer, screw dispenser drive, print head, concrete mix, transfer function, proportional-integral-differentiating controller, neuro-fuzzy output system

The paper presents the properties and nomenclature of products made of ceramic fiber used for insulating lining in steam reforming furnaces. On the example of the lining of the radiant chamber, the technology of mounting ceramic blankets on anchor studs, which is currently used in the construction and repair of reforming furnaces, is considered. The shortcomings of the existing technology are noted. These include the complexity of the process, the complexity of installation control and the high probability of uneven thermal conductivity of the lining surface due to hidden defects, as well as the spraying of ceramic fiber particles in the air that cause diseases. The nomenclature and technology of installation of insulating lining with ceramic blocks along guide tubes with subsequent resistance welding with the camera body is proposed. The technology will reduce the repair time, improve the thermal conductivity of the camera, reduce the risk of diseases.

Keywords: gas reforming, radiant chamber, insulation lining, ceramic fiber, thermal conductivity of the furnace

The article discusses the conceptual and practical areas of application of BIM-technologies when performing work on the inspection and restoration of buildings and structures affected by natural and man-made emergencies, as well as when modeling the consequences of natural disasters or man-made disasters. The methods of using BIM software systems in case of fires, earthquakes, floods, floods, as well as in organizing the evacuation of people and assessing damaged building structures are considered separately.

Keywords: emergencies, facility restoration, BIM technologies, man-made disasters, natural disasters, building surveys

The article is devoted to the analysis of sheet pile driving methods during the construction of a bank protection structure in dense urban areas. Four methods are considered in the paper: driving, vibration immersion (if necessary using leader drilling), indentation, vibroimpact. Comparative characteristics of the above methods of immersion are given. It is concluded that in conditions of dense urban development: a) the driving method is the least preferable, due to severe noise pollution and a negative impact on foundations near the work site; b) in the presence of dense soils, the methods of indentation or vibro-immersion are not suitable, and vibro-impact immersion should be used; c) in the presence of weak soils, it is possible to use both the indentation method and vibration immersion; d) in the conditions of a limited construction site, vibration immersion may be the best immersion method. The result of the work is the creation of a block diagram of the algorithm for choosing the method of piling for bank protection with heterogeneous soils.

Keywords: sheet piling, driving methods, leader drilling, bank protection, dense urban development.

This article proposes a way to automate work on the development of the construction schedule (CP) based on BIM-model. As an example we used the project of an oil well pad developed by VolgaTEKengineering LLC in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug in 2019.

Keywords: construction, building information modeling, BIM, 3D, 4D, 5D, schedule, estimate

The article analyzes the use of various machines and equipment for performing cultural works in the process of reclamation construction, road construction, soil cultivation for further use in agriculture, forestry production. A new design of replaceable working equipment for removing single stumps is proposed, consisting of a cylindrical knife, a screw and a cleaver. During the production of works, the screw of the working equipment is screwed into the stump by means of a drive. The paper evaluates the economic efficiency of using this equipment in the technological complex of machines, taking into account the cost of work and the timing of their implementation. The analysis carried out on a limited volume of work showed not only a reduction in the cost of work performed by the proposed equipment as part of the Masha technological complex, but also the possibility of reducing the time of work.

Keywords: uprooting technology; single stump; stump cleaver, cylindrical knife